Figure 3.1 Mediating between inside and outside. Source: author.
Figure 4.1 Stacked bar chart of absolute occurrences per year for the term ‘Europe(e)s(ch)e kampioenschap(pen)’ in newspaper articles in De Telegraaf, Het Vrije Volk, De Waarheid, Leeuwarder Courant, Limburgsch Dagblad and Nieuwsblad van het Noorden (1898–1990). Made in Python Matplotlib.
Figure 4.2 Stacked bar charts of absolute occurrences per year for ‘Europa’ in combination with ‘atletiek’, ‘biljart’, ‘schaatsen’ and ‘voetbal’ in newspaper articles in De Telegraaf, Het Vrije Volk, De Waarheid, Leeuwarder Courant, Limburgsch Dagblad and Nieuwsblad van het Noorden (1898–1990). Made in Python Matplotlib.
Figure 4.3 Nationalities in football: Map of Europe displaying average relative frequency of articles in De Telegraaf (1970–4) mentioning ‘Europe’ in combination with nationalities. Most historical countries like the USSR and Yugoslavia have been reconstructed (although twenty-first-century boundaries show through). Germany has been taken as a whole; the United Kingdom has been broken down into its constituent parts. Frequencies refer to all (rather than unique) hits per article and they are compared across space within the given period (i.e. synchronically rather than diachronically). Made in Python Basemap and Matplotlib.
Figure 10.1 Percentage-based occurrences of European and American cities, excluding London, in the PMGZ during the period 1870–1900. Calculated by the author on the full-text archive of PMGZ with frequencies derived from the AntConc tool.
Figure 10.2 Percentage-based occurrences of selected European and American cities, including London, in the PMGZ during the period 1870–1900.
Figure 10.3 Number of documents for the search term ‘metropolis’ during the period 1700–1800. Source: Burney Collection.
Figure 10.4 Absolute number of documents for the search term ‘metropolis’ during the period 1800–1900. Source: British Newspaper Archive.
Figure 10.5 Absolute number of documents containing the search terms ‘French’, ‘German’, ‘Austrian’, ‘Dutch’, ‘Belgian’, ‘European’, ‘American’ metropolis during the period 1800–99. Calculated by the author from data derived from the British Newspaper Archive.
